Pata (gauntlet sword)
Culture(blade)
European
Datelate 1600s–1700s
Mediumsteel with gold and silver false-damascening (koftgari), iron, and fabric
Dimensions130.2 x 98.7 cm (51 1/4 x 38 7/8 in.), 3 lb, 9 oz (3 x 0.6 lb.)
ClassificationsArms and Armor
Credit LineThe John Woodman Higgins Armory Collection
Object number2014.32
DescriptionLong, double-edged steel European blade with spatulate point. Riveted at the base of the blade is a gauntlet-like defense that is globose at the hand, fitted within with a crossbar grip. The main plate of the gauntlet may be of watered steel. The deep gutter-like extension over the wrist and lower forearm is open on the inside, and fitted with a thin, textile lining, and expands towards the opening for the arm. There is a pivoting cross-brace near the opening at the top. The edge here is pointed, and with a boxed turn. The surface and edges are decorated with foliate motifs in both gold and silver "koft-gari" bands; the surface of the gold is incised with fine decorative detail.Label TextThis uniquely Indian form of sword combined weapon and armor. The pata was gripped by the crossbar inside the hilt, with the blade extending as a projection of the forearm. As European traders came to India in the 1500s and 1600s, they brought swords from the blademaking centers in Spain, Italy, and Germany. Although less fine than locally made blades, these appear to have had some exotic appeal, and many were fitted into Indian-made hilts. English swords were less respected: one Indian admiral of the 1600s remarked that English blades were “only fit to cut butter.” These two pieces are exquisite examples of the decorative styles of northern and southern India. The gilded pata is decorated using the characteristic "koftgari" technique of Mughal northern India, which was heavily influenced by the cultural traditions of Persia. The gold and silver inlay is incised with fine decorative details visible only under the closest scrutiny. The south Indian pata has minimal surface decoration, relying instead on the sculptural form of the metal itself for visual effect. ProvenancePurchased by John W. Higgins on 1 May 1931, from W.O. Oldman (London). Given to the Museum on 8 January 1947. Collection transfer from Higgins Armory, January 2014.
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